THE STORY OF CALIPHATE UMAR BUN AL-KHATTAB (r.t.a) (Episode 44)

 Muslims Till Death:

ASSALAAMU ALAYKUM WARAHMATULLAH WABARAKAATUHU . LET'S START TONIGHT'S EDUCATION. OUR TOPIC IS 👇.                                                                            *THE STORY OF CALIPHATE UMAR BUN AL-KHATTAB (r.t.a) (Episode 44)*                                                                                   

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Umar said that the Holy Prophet sent to Najd an expedition which took much booty and came back quickly. A man who had not gone out said, "We have never seen an expedition return more quickly or bring finer booty than this one".

Thereupon the Holy Prophet said: “Shall I not indicate to you people who have most excellent booty and a most excellent return? They are people who have been present at the morning prayer, then sat mentioning of God till the sun rose. They have the quickest return and the most excellent booty."
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Umar stated that he heard God's Messenger say: “Four rakaat before the noon prayer after the sun has passed the meridian are reckoned equivalent to a similar number at the dawn prayer. There is nothing which does not glorify God at that hour."

Umar said that then the Holy Prophet recited: “Their shadows turn round from the right and the left prostrating themselves to God."

Umar said that he asked the Holy Prophet about the injunction:
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"You may shorten your prayer if you fear those who are infidels may afflict you."

About this the Holy Prophet elaborated: “It is an act of charity which God has done to you, so accept His charity."

About the call to prayer, Umar reported the Holy Prophet as saying: “When the Muezzin says 'God is most great, God is most great', and you make the response 'God is most great, God is most great', then says 'I testify that there is no god but God', then says 'I testify that Muhammad is God's Messenger', and you make the response;
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I testify that Muhammad is God's Messenger', then says 'Come to prayer', and you make the response 'There is no might and no power except in God', then says 'Come to salvation', and he makes the response 'God is most great; God is most great', then says There is no god but God', and if you say this from heart, you will go to paradise."

Umar was the founder of Fiqh or Islamic jurisprudence. Over one thousand juristic pronouncements of Umar are on record. All the four schools of law in Islamic jurisprudence follow the law laid down by Umar. The pronouncements of Umar are cited in the Musannaf of Ibn Abi Shaiba.
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These are also found in Shah Wali Ullah's book Faraq's Fiqh.

Umar not only declared the law; he also established principles of inference and construction and formulated rules therefor. He distinguished between the acts of the Holy Prophet performed in pursuance of his prophetic mission and the acts that he performed as an ordinary man. All that the Holy Prophet did in the first capacity was held by Umar to be binding and a basic source of law. In matters falling in the second category room remained for devising new laws to suit the changing conditions and circumstances.
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Umar also laid down the principle of Qiyas or logical deduction. According to this principle when the Quran and the Hadith did not mention the details of law on any point, such law could be arrived at by logical deduction. In his instructions to his judicial officers Umar said: “When you do not find a judgement on an issue in the Quran or Hadith and you are in doubt about it, ponder over the question and ponder again. Then look for dicta on like and similar issues, and decide accordingly."

In addition to these fundamental principles Umar enunciated numerous rules about inference and generalisation of laws which form the basis of Islamic jurisprudence,
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When some one asked Umar's verdict on a mere academic question which had not actually arisen, Umar forbade people raising hypothetical propositions.
Umar held that one should not urinate standing.
Umar was asked whether one could perform the ablution with sea water. Umar answered the question in the affirmative.
Umar was asked whether one could perform ablution with water taken from a non-Muslim. Umar found no objection to such ablution.
Umar was asked whether one who has had sexual intercourse could perform Tayammum and offer prayers.
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Umar said that for him bath was essential.
Umar was very strict about the offering of prayers. He issued instructions to the provincial Governors that their foremost duty was the offering of prayer.

Umar was asked as to the time for the morning prayer. He said "In the shadow of the twinkling stars".
Umar held that the prayer of Zuhr should be delayed as far as possible and the prayer of Isha should be offered as early as possible.
Umar was asked: if the meals are ready and it is also the time for prayers, which should be given priority. Umar said "first take your meals".
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When Umar saw a person offering prayer by the roadside he was advised to pray in the mosque.
Umar forbade the people to talk loudly in the mosque.
Umar enjoined that one should not come to the mosque having eaten some thing which produces a bitter smell.
Umar was very particular that when offering prayers in congregation the lines should be straight.
Umar held that journey on a Friday was not forbidden.
Umar enjoined that around a person on death bed one should recite the article of faith.
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When one of the wives of Umar died Umar led the funeral prayers himself.
Umar held that in one's shroud three sheets were enough.
Umar ruled that on the occasion of a funeral prayers four Takbirs should be offered.
Umar held that in a garden those trees the fruit whereof was reserved for distribution among the poor were exempt from Zakat.
Umar held that if any thing was given as Sadaqa it could not be repurchased whatever the price or consideration.
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End of Today's Education. Subhanakallahuma wabihamdik ash-hadu an laaila Anta astagfiruka wa atuuubu ilayhi. Questions, Suggestions and problems are welcome privately. *We shall continue tomorrow on this same topic in sha Allah*. May HE strengthen and make us steadfast in faith. May HE accept our ibaadat and grant us the Good in this World and the Hereafter. May Allah Azza wa jalla forgive and grant us Jannah...AMIN.