*AR-RAHĪQ AL-MAKHTOUM (The Pure Nectar). A Treaties On Prophet Muhammad's Biography.*
*Part 14*
*RELIGION OF ARABS continues...*
As for Jews, they played at least two roles in the Arabia:
1. They immigrated a t the time of Babylonian and Assyrian conquests from Palestine to Hijaz (in the northern territories) as a result of the pressures, persecution and destruction they suffered at the hands of King Bukhtunassar (Nebuchadnezzar) who destroyed their skeleton.
2. Many Jewish tribes immigrated to Hijaz when Romans occupied Palestine under the command of Titus in 70 AD, Romans persecuted Jews and destroyed the skeleton. These tribes settled in Yathrib, Khaibar and Taymaa and constructed villages, citadels and fortresses. Therefore, Judaism spread among a section of Arabs through Jewish emigrators and affected political events that took place before the appearance of Islam and at its beginning. When Islam appeared, the well-known Jewish tribes that inhabited Yathrib were Khaibar, An-Nadir, Al-Mustaliq, Quraiza and Qainuqa'a. Moreover, As- Samhoudy pointed out that the number of Jewish tribes that settled in Yathrib was more than twenty one.
Tubbān As-ad Abu Karab went to Yathrib as a warrior and embraced Judaism there. Afterwards, he introduced Judaism to Yemen and brought two Rabbis from Banu Quraiza with him. Thus Judaism began to spread in Yemen. When his son Yusuf Dhu Nuwwās became the ruler of Yemen, he persecuted the Christians of Najarn and ordered them to embrace Judaism. Rejecting Judaism, he ordered ditches be dug and people be burnt alive by fire. He did not discriminate between men, women, little children and old people. It is said that the number of the victims ranged from twenty to forty thousands. This took place in October, 523 A.D. Allāh, Glory be to Him, refers to their story in the Qur'an:
Surah Al-Burooj, Verse 4-7:
قُتِلَ أَصْحَابُ الْأُخْدُودِ
Cursed were the people of the ditch (the story of the Boy and the King).
النَّارِ ذَاتِ الْوَقُودِ
Fire supplied (abundantly) with fuel,
إِذْ هُمْ عَلَيْهَا قُعُودٌ
When they sat by it (fire),
وَهُمْ عَلَىٰ مَا يَفْعَلُونَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ شُهُودٌ
And they witnessed what they were doing against the believers (i.e. burning them).
As regards Christianity, it came to the Arabian Peninsula through the occupation of Abyssinians and some of the Roman military expeditions. Abyssinians occupied Yemen for the first time in 340 A.D. But their occupation did not last for a long time. They were forced out of Yemen between 370 and 378 A.D. They however, managed to spread and propagate Christianity very ardently and enthusiastically. During the period of this occupation an ascetic and blessed man called "Fimion" emerged in Najran and called upon its inhabitants to embrace Christianity. Nothing that he was truthful and devout, they accepted his invitation and embraced Christianity.
When Abyssinians occupied Yemen again in 525 A.D. in response to the hideous crime of Yusuf Dhu Nuwwās who burned the Christians of Najran by fire, Abraha Al-Ashram succeeded in ruling Yemen and disseminating Christianity so extensively and actively that he built a Ka'abah-like construction and wanted to make Arabs do pilgrimage to it and demolish the Sacred House (the Ka'abah) in Mecca. But he incurred Allāh's exemplary punishment.
Being near to Romans, the Ghassanid Arabs, the tribes of Taghlab, Tayye' and others embraced Christianity. And so did some kings of Al-Hīrah.
Magianism emerged in Iraq and Bahrain (Al-Ahsa, Hajar and the nearby coasts of the Arabian Gulf). Many Yemenis espoused it during the Persian occupation.
As regards Sabeanism (a religion that is characterised with the worship of stars and the belief that their locations influence events in the universe), excavations in Iraq affirmed that it was the religion of Chaldeans (Abraham's people). Also, a lot of the people of Ash-Shām and Yemen adopted the same religion in the past. With the succession of Judaism and Christianity, Sabeanism weakened and became inactive. However, there were still adherents of this religion who mixed with Magis and lived next to them in Iraq and along the coasts of the Arabian Gulf. On the other hand, some signs of atheism prevailed among some Arabs through Al-Hīrah and Quraish because they kept contact with Persians through trade.
RELIGIOUS SITUATION
The aforementioned religions were adopted by Arabs when Islam came. They were afflicted with decadence and futility. Polytheists, for example, who claimed that they clung to the religion of Abraham were too far from being committed to the teachings of Abraham's Shari'ah; they abandoned moral and perpetrated all kinds of sins. Also, they established traditions and customs that took the form of religious superstitions, which affected extremely social, political and religious life.
Judaism converted into hypocrisy and absolution. The leading Jews subjugated and controlled people arbitrarily. They even held weak people accountable for their inner feelings and ideas. Their chief concern was to collect money and get power. Religion disappeared from people's life and unbelief was widespread. Religious teachings which Allāh ordered everyone to follow and revere were entirely bypassed.
Christianity became heathen and incomprehensible and created confusion between Allāh and humans. It had no real effect on the souls of Arabs who followed it. This can be attributable to the fact that the teachings of Christianity were inharmonious with the lifestyle they led.
*(...To be continued In-sha-Allah!)*
*"And keep reminding, because reminding benefits the believers."* (Qur'an 51:55)
*Part 14*
*RELIGION OF ARABS continues...*
As for Jews, they played at least two roles in the Arabia:
1. They immigrated a t the time of Babylonian and Assyrian conquests from Palestine to Hijaz (in the northern territories) as a result of the pressures, persecution and destruction they suffered at the hands of King Bukhtunassar (Nebuchadnezzar) who destroyed their skeleton.
2. Many Jewish tribes immigrated to Hijaz when Romans occupied Palestine under the command of Titus in 70 AD, Romans persecuted Jews and destroyed the skeleton. These tribes settled in Yathrib, Khaibar and Taymaa and constructed villages, citadels and fortresses. Therefore, Judaism spread among a section of Arabs through Jewish emigrators and affected political events that took place before the appearance of Islam and at its beginning. When Islam appeared, the well-known Jewish tribes that inhabited Yathrib were Khaibar, An-Nadir, Al-Mustaliq, Quraiza and Qainuqa'a. Moreover, As- Samhoudy pointed out that the number of Jewish tribes that settled in Yathrib was more than twenty one.
Tubbān As-ad Abu Karab went to Yathrib as a warrior and embraced Judaism there. Afterwards, he introduced Judaism to Yemen and brought two Rabbis from Banu Quraiza with him. Thus Judaism began to spread in Yemen. When his son Yusuf Dhu Nuwwās became the ruler of Yemen, he persecuted the Christians of Najarn and ordered them to embrace Judaism. Rejecting Judaism, he ordered ditches be dug and people be burnt alive by fire. He did not discriminate between men, women, little children and old people. It is said that the number of the victims ranged from twenty to forty thousands. This took place in October, 523 A.D. Allāh, Glory be to Him, refers to their story in the Qur'an:
Surah Al-Burooj, Verse 4-7:
قُتِلَ أَصْحَابُ الْأُخْدُودِ
Cursed were the people of the ditch (the story of the Boy and the King).
النَّارِ ذَاتِ الْوَقُودِ
Fire supplied (abundantly) with fuel,
إِذْ هُمْ عَلَيْهَا قُعُودٌ
When they sat by it (fire),
وَهُمْ عَلَىٰ مَا يَفْعَلُونَ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ شُهُودٌ
And they witnessed what they were doing against the believers (i.e. burning them).
As regards Christianity, it came to the Arabian Peninsula through the occupation of Abyssinians and some of the Roman military expeditions. Abyssinians occupied Yemen for the first time in 340 A.D. But their occupation did not last for a long time. They were forced out of Yemen between 370 and 378 A.D. They however, managed to spread and propagate Christianity very ardently and enthusiastically. During the period of this occupation an ascetic and blessed man called "Fimion" emerged in Najran and called upon its inhabitants to embrace Christianity. Nothing that he was truthful and devout, they accepted his invitation and embraced Christianity.
When Abyssinians occupied Yemen again in 525 A.D. in response to the hideous crime of Yusuf Dhu Nuwwās who burned the Christians of Najran by fire, Abraha Al-Ashram succeeded in ruling Yemen and disseminating Christianity so extensively and actively that he built a Ka'abah-like construction and wanted to make Arabs do pilgrimage to it and demolish the Sacred House (the Ka'abah) in Mecca. But he incurred Allāh's exemplary punishment.
Being near to Romans, the Ghassanid Arabs, the tribes of Taghlab, Tayye' and others embraced Christianity. And so did some kings of Al-Hīrah.
Magianism emerged in Iraq and Bahrain (Al-Ahsa, Hajar and the nearby coasts of the Arabian Gulf). Many Yemenis espoused it during the Persian occupation.
As regards Sabeanism (a religion that is characterised with the worship of stars and the belief that their locations influence events in the universe), excavations in Iraq affirmed that it was the religion of Chaldeans (Abraham's people). Also, a lot of the people of Ash-Shām and Yemen adopted the same religion in the past. With the succession of Judaism and Christianity, Sabeanism weakened and became inactive. However, there were still adherents of this religion who mixed with Magis and lived next to them in Iraq and along the coasts of the Arabian Gulf. On the other hand, some signs of atheism prevailed among some Arabs through Al-Hīrah and Quraish because they kept contact with Persians through trade.
RELIGIOUS SITUATION
The aforementioned religions were adopted by Arabs when Islam came. They were afflicted with decadence and futility. Polytheists, for example, who claimed that they clung to the religion of Abraham were too far from being committed to the teachings of Abraham's Shari'ah; they abandoned moral and perpetrated all kinds of sins. Also, they established traditions and customs that took the form of religious superstitions, which affected extremely social, political and religious life.
Judaism converted into hypocrisy and absolution. The leading Jews subjugated and controlled people arbitrarily. They even held weak people accountable for their inner feelings and ideas. Their chief concern was to collect money and get power. Religion disappeared from people's life and unbelief was widespread. Religious teachings which Allāh ordered everyone to follow and revere were entirely bypassed.
Christianity became heathen and incomprehensible and created confusion between Allāh and humans. It had no real effect on the souls of Arabs who followed it. This can be attributable to the fact that the teachings of Christianity were inharmonious with the lifestyle they led.
*(...To be continued In-sha-Allah!)*
*"And keep reminding, because reminding benefits the believers."* (Qur'an 51:55)
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