Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar).* Excellent Biography of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ Episode 72

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*Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar).*

Excellent Biography of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ

Episode 72

*THE PROPHET ON THE BATTLEFIELD*

The Quraishites, mortified at the escape of the Prophet (Peace be upon him) along with his devoted companions, and jealous of his growing power in Madinah, kept a stringent watch over the Muslims left behind and persecuted them in every possible way. They also initiated clandestine contacts with 

‘Abdullah bin Uabi bin Salul, chief of Madinese polytheists, and president designate of the tribes ‘Aws and Khazraj before the Prophet’s emigration. They senthim a strongly-worded ultimatum ordering 

him to fight or expel the Prophet, otherwise they would launch a widespread military campaign that 

would exterminate his people and proscribe his women. 

His pride wounded and kingship no longer his, ‘Abdullah bin Uabi bin Salul, a priori responded 

positively to his Quraishite co-polytheists. He mobilized his supporters to counteract the Muslims. 

The Prophet (Peace be upon him) on hearing about this unholy alliance, summoned ‘Abdullah and 

admonished him to be more sensible and thoughtful and cautioned his men against being snared in 

malicious tricks. The men, on grounds of cowardice, or reason, gave up the idea. Their chief, 

however, seemingly complied, but at heart, he remained a wicked unpredictable accomplice with 

Quraish and the envious Jews. Skirmishes and provocations started to pave the way for a major 

confrontation between the Muslims and polytheists. Sa‘d bin Mu‘adh, an outstanding Helper, 

announced his intention to observe ‘Umrah (lesser pilgrimage) and headed for Makkah. There 

Omaiya bin Khalaf provided tutelage for him to observe the ritual circumambulation. Abu Jahl, an 

archenemy of Islam saw him in the Sacred Sanctuary and threatened he would have killed him if he 

had not been in the company of Omaiya. Sa‘d, fearlessly and defiantly, challenged him to 

committing any folly at the risk of cutting their caravans off. 

Provocative actions continued and Quraish sent the Muslims a note threatening to put them to death 

in their own homeland. Those were not mere words, for the Prophet (Peace be upon him) received 

information from reliable sources attesting to real intrigues and plots being hatched by the enemies 

of Islam. Precautionary measures were taken and a state of alertness was called for, including the 

positioning of security guards around the house of the Prophet (Peace be upon him) and strategic 

junctures. ‘Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) reported that Allâh’s Messenger (Peace be upon 

him) lay down on bed during one night on his arrival in Madinah and said: Were there a pious 

person from amongst my Companions who should keep a watch for me during the night? She 

[‘Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her)] said: We were in this state when we heard the clanging 

noise of arms. He [the Prophet (Peace be upon him)] said: Who is it? He said: This is Sa‘d bin Abi 

Waqqas. Allâh’s Messenger (Peace be upon him) said to him: What brings you here? Thereupon he 

said: I harboured fear (lest any harm should come to) Allâh’s Messenger (Peace be upon him), so I 

came to serve as your sentinel. Allâh’s Messenger (Peace be upon him) invoked blessings upon him 

and then he slept. 

This state of close vigilance continued ceaselessly until the Words of Allâh were revealed saying: 

• “Allâh will protect you from mankind.”[5:67] 

Here, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) peeped from the dome of his house asking his people to go 

away, and making it clear that Allâh would take the charge of protecting him. 

The Prophet’s life was not the o nly target of the wicked schemes, but rather the lives and the whole 

entity of the Muslims. When the Madinese provided the Prophet (Peace be upon him) and his 

Companions with safe refuge, the desert bedouins began to look at them all in the same 

perspective, and outlawed all the Muslims. 

At this precarious juncture with Quraish, intent on pursuing their aggressive and devilish plans, 

Allâh, the All-High, gave the Muslims the permission to take arms against the disbelievers: 

• “Permission to fight is given to those (i.e. believers against those disbelievers), who are 

fighting them, (and) because they (believers) have been wronged, and surely Allâh is Able 

to give them (believers) victory.” [22:39]

This verse was revealed in a larger context of Divine instructions to eradicate all aspects of 

falsehood, and hold in honour the symbols and rites of Allâh: 

• “Those (Muslim rulers) who, if We give them power in the land, (they) order for Iqamat-

as-Salât: [i.e. to perform Salât (prayer) — the five compulsory, congregational prayers (the 

males in Mosques)], to pay the Zakat (obligatory charity), and they enjoin Al-Ma‘ruf (i.e. 

Islamic Monotheism and all that Islam orders one to do), and forbid Al-Munkar (i.e. disbelief, 

polytheism and all that Islam has forbidden) [i.e. they make the Qur’ân as the Law of their 

country in all the spheres of life].” [22:41]. 

Doubtlessly, the permission to fight was revealed in Madinah after emigration, not in Makkah, still 

the exact date where of is in doubt. 

The permission to fight was already there, but in the light of the status quo, it was wise for the 

Muslims to bring the commercial routes leading to Makkah under their control. To realize this 

strategic objective, the Prophet (Peace be upon him) had to choose either of two options: 

1. Entering into non-aggression pacts with the tribes inhabiting either the areas adjacent to the 

routes or between these routes and Madinah. With respect to this course of action, the 

Prophet (Peace be upon him) had already signed, together with the Jews and other 

neighbouring tribes, the aforementioned pact of cooperation and good neighbourliness. 

2. Despatching successive armed missions for harassment along the strategic commercial 

routs.