Question asked why in islam, one is forbidden a male to wear a garment that is below his ankle?
Alhamdulillah, wearing a cloak or trouser which is below the ankle is seen as a form of kibr(arrogancy).
During the jahiliyyah, the Arabs used to wear garment that is below their ankle as a form of kibr and pride.
And prideness is a character of Allah.
Allah says in Quran,
Al-Jathiyah 45:37
وَلَهُ ٱلْكِبْرِيَآءُ فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِۖ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْحَكِيمُ
And to Him belongs [all] grandeur within the heavens and the earth, and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
So kibr is a character of Allah.
And it is reported in an hadith of a man who was swallowed by the earth for wearing garment that is below his ankle due to pride.
Narrated Ibn `Umar:
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "While a man was walking, dragging his dress with pride, he was caused to be swallowedby the earth and will go on sinking in it till the Day of Resurrection."
Sahih al-Bukhari 3485.
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), "Allah will not look, on the Day of Resurrection, at a person who drags his Izar (behind him) out of pride and arrogance.
Sahih al-Bukhari 5788.
Allah subhana wa ta'ala will never look at the face of anyone who drags his cloak out of pride on the day of qiyaamah.
For a female, she is to cover her whole body and even permissible to allow her cloth to drag to the ground unlike the male.
May Allah guides and show us the right path. Aamiin
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